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Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: Title and subTitle BreakV. Speech Pattern Associated With Overeating

Walter Weintraub, MD; H. Aronson, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Submitted for publication June 19, 1969.

Reprint requests to the Psychiatric Institute, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201 (Dr. Weintraub).


Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1969;21(6):739-744. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1969.01740240099012
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THIS paper is one of a series reporting upon studies designed to relate speech characteristics to clinically relevant behavior. In 1963 we published a method of verbal behavior analysis based upon psychoanalytic ego psychology and learning theory.1 Relying primarily upon cues derived from psychoanalytic and psychodiagnostic practice, we isolated a number of speech variables which could be objectively scored with adequate interjudge reliability; appeared to be related to psychological defensive or adjustive operations; were used to significantly different degrees by different individuals; and were, wherever possible, dependent upon formal characteristics of speech.

In recent published reports we demonstrated that speech samples of groups of impulsive, delusional, and depressed psychiatric inpatients differed significantly from that of normal subjects along a number of scorable dimensions.2-4 Our findings were consistent with patterns of psychological defense mechanisms attributed to those categories of

REFERENCES

Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: Methodology and Preliminary Report , J Nerv Ment Dis 134:169-181 ( (Feb) ) 1962;.
Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: II. Speech Pattern Associated With Impulsive Behavior , J Nerv Ment Dis 139:75-82 ( (July) ) 1964;.
Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: III. Speech Pattern Associated With Delusional Behavior , J Nerv Ment Dis 141:172-179 ( (Aug) ) 1965;.
Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: IV. Speech Pattern Associated With Depressive Behavior , J Nerv Ment Dis 144:22-28 ( (Jan) ) 1967;.
Bruch, H.:  Psychological Aspects of Overeating and Obesity , Psychosomatics 5:269-274 ( (Sept-Oct) ) 1964;.
Bruch, H.:  Psychiatric Aspects of Obesity in Childhood , Amer J Psychiat 99:752-757 ( (March) ) 1943;.
Weinberg, N.; Mendelson, M.; and Stunkard, A.:  A Failure to Find Distinctive Personality Features in a Group of Obese Men , Amer J Psychiat 117:1035-1037 ( (May) ) 1961;.
Friedman, J.:  Weight Problems and Psychological Factors , J Consult Psychol 23:524-527 ( (Dec) ) 1959;.
Stunkard, A., and Mendelson, M.:  Obesity and the Body Image: I. Characteristics of Disturbances in the Body Image of Some Obese Persons , Amer J Psychiat 123:1296-1300 ( (April) ) 1967;.
Caldwell, J.:  Lifelong Obesity: A Contribution to the Understanding of Recalcitrant Obesity , Psychosomatics 6:417-426 ( (Jan-Feb) ) 1965;.
Kaplan, H.I., and Kaplan, H.S.:  The Psychosomatic Concept of Obesity , J Nerv Ment Dis 125:181-201 ( (April-June) ) 1957;.
Werkman, S.L., and Greenberg, E.S.:  Personality and Interest Patterns in Obese Adolescent Girls , Psychosom Med 29:72-80 ( (Jan-Feb) ) 1967;.
Fromm, E.:  Dynamics in a Case of Obesity , J Clin Exp Psychopath 19:292-302 ( (Jan-March) ) 1958;.
Stunkard, A.:  Obesity and Denial of Hunger , Psychosom Med 21:281-289 ( (July-Aug) ) 1959;.
Rapaport, D.: Organization and Pathology of Thought , New York: Columbia University Press, 1951;.
Stunkard, A.J.:  Eating Patterns and Obesity , Psychiat Quart 33:284-295 ( (April) ) 1959;.
Schick, A.:  Psychosomatic Aspects of Obesity , Psychoanal Rev 34:173-183 ( (Jan) ) 1947;.
Fenichel, O.: The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis , New York: W. W. Norton Book Co., Inc., 1945;.
Rascovsky, A.; de Rascovsky, M.W.; and Schlossberg, T.:  Basic Psychic Structure of the Obese , Int J Psychoanal 31:144-149 ( (Sept) ) 1950;.

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Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: Methodology and Preliminary Report , J Nerv Ment Dis 134:169-181 ( (Feb) ) 1962;.
Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: II. Speech Pattern Associated With Impulsive Behavior , J Nerv Ment Dis 139:75-82 ( (July) ) 1964;.
Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: III. Speech Pattern Associated With Delusional Behavior , J Nerv Ment Dis 141:172-179 ( (Aug) ) 1965;.
Weintraub, W., and Aronson, H.:  The Application of Verbal Behavior Analysis to the Study of Psychological Defense Mechanisms: IV. Speech Pattern Associated With Depressive Behavior , J Nerv Ment Dis 144:22-28 ( (Jan) ) 1967;.
Bruch, H.:  Psychological Aspects of Overeating and Obesity , Psychosomatics 5:269-274 ( (Sept-Oct) ) 1964;.
Bruch, H.:  Psychiatric Aspects of Obesity in Childhood , Amer J Psychiat 99:752-757 ( (March) ) 1943;.
Weinberg, N.; Mendelson, M.; and Stunkard, A.:  A Failure to Find Distinctive Personality Features in a Group of Obese Men , Amer J Psychiat 117:1035-1037 ( (May) ) 1961;.
Friedman, J.:  Weight Problems and Psychological Factors , J Consult Psychol 23:524-527 ( (Dec) ) 1959;.
Stunkard, A., and Mendelson, M.:  Obesity and the Body Image: I. Characteristics of Disturbances in the Body Image of Some Obese Persons , Amer J Psychiat 123:1296-1300 ( (April) ) 1967;.
Caldwell, J.:  Lifelong Obesity: A Contribution to the Understanding of Recalcitrant Obesity , Psychosomatics 6:417-426 ( (Jan-Feb) ) 1965;.
Kaplan, H.I., and Kaplan, H.S.:  The Psychosomatic Concept of Obesity , J Nerv Ment Dis 125:181-201 ( (April-June) ) 1957;.
Werkman, S.L., and Greenberg, E.S.:  Personality and Interest Patterns in Obese Adolescent Girls , Psychosom Med 29:72-80 ( (Jan-Feb) ) 1967;.
Fromm, E.:  Dynamics in a Case of Obesity , J Clin Exp Psychopath 19:292-302 ( (Jan-March) ) 1958;.
Stunkard, A.:  Obesity and Denial of Hunger , Psychosom Med 21:281-289 ( (July-Aug) ) 1959;.
Rapaport, D.: Organization and Pathology of Thought , New York: Columbia University Press, 1951;.
Stunkard, A.J.:  Eating Patterns and Obesity , Psychiat Quart 33:284-295 ( (April) ) 1959;.
Schick, A.:  Psychosomatic Aspects of Obesity , Psychoanal Rev 34:173-183 ( (Jan) ) 1947;.
Fenichel, O.: The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis , New York: W. W. Norton Book Co., Inc., 1945;.
Rascovsky, A.; de Rascovsky, M.W.; and Schlossberg, T.:  Basic Psychic Structure of the Obese , Int J Psychoanal 31:144-149 ( (Sept) ) 1950;.

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