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July 1971, Vol 25, No. 1 >
Article | July 1971

Toward a Biology of Affective Disorders: Title and subTitle BreakGenetic Contributions

Elliot S. Gershon, MD; David L. Dunner, MD; Frederick K. Goodwin, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication Feb 22, 1971.

Reprint requests to Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20014 (Dr. Gershon).


Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1971;25(1):1-15. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1971.01750130003001
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THE ROLE OF heredity in the major psychiatric disorders and the incorporation of genetic knowledge into related clinical and biologic research continue to be problematic issues for contemporary psychiatric thought. The purpose of this communication is to outline the current status of genetic knowledge in the affective disorders and to apply this knowledge to recent developments in the phenomenology, etiology, and treatment of these disorders. Four areas will be considered: First, the evidence for a genetic factor in affective illness; second the relative contribution of genetic and nongenetic factors in determining who will manifest an affective disorder ("heritability"); third, genetic contributions to nosology and to the clinical and biological phenomenology of affective illness; and fourth, the mode of genetic transmission of the predisposition to these disorders. Some implications of genetic knowledge for future biologic research in affective disorders will be discussed.

Evidence for a Genetic Factor  A genetic hypothesis in

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Winokur G, Clayton PJ, Reich T: Manic Depressive Illness . St. Louis, CV Mosby Co Medical Publishers, 1969;.
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Price J:  The genetics of depressive behavior , in Coppen A, Walk A (eds): Recent Developments in Affective Disorders. Brit J Psychiat Special Publication No. 2, pp 37-54, 1968;.
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Zerbin-Rudin E:  Endogoene Psychosen , in Becker PE (ed): Humangenetic , section 2. Stuttgart, Georg Thieme Verlag, 1967;, vol 5.
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Essen-Moller E:  Twin research and psychiatry . Acta Psychiat Scand 39:65-77, 1963;.
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Stabenau JR:  Schizophrenic and affective psychosis: Twin and family studies , in Bogoch S (ed): The Future of the Brain Sciences . New York, Plenum Press Inc, 1969;, pp 421-458.
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Heston LL:  Psychiatric disorders in foster home reared children of schizophrenic mothers . Brit J Psychiat 112:819-825, 1966;.
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