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December 1973, Vol 29, No. 6 >
Article | December 1973

Psychomotor Activity and Serum Creatine Phosphokinase Activity

F. Gordon Foster, MD; David J. Kupfer, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication June 11, 1973.

Views are those of the author and do not purport to reflect the position of the Department of Army or Department of Defense.

Reprint requests to Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh 15261 (Dr. Kupfer).


Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1973;29(6):752-758. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1973.04200060038005
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An investigation of the relationship between psychomotor activity and serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity showed significant positive correlations regardless of the serum CPK activity. The highest positive correlations were found between preceding evening and nocturnal activity and serum CPK activity, especially in acute schizophrenia, borderline states, and manic-depressive disease. While this finding may reflect the negative correlations between sleep time and serum CPK activity, it is also consistent with the hypothesis that postexercise CPK activity peaks occur approximately eight hours after exercise. Increases in serum CPK activity may also occur subsequent to disordered phasing of psychomotor activity peaks and corticosteroid levels affecting the membrane permeability in skeletal muscle.

REFERENCES

1 +
Meltzer HY:  Creatine kinase and aldolase in serum: Abnormality common to acute psychoses . Science 159:1368-1370, 1969;.
2 +
Meltzer HY:  Muscle enzyme release in the acute psychosis . Arch Gen Psychiatry 21:102-112, 1969;.
3 +
Meltzer H, Elkun L, Moline R:  Serum enzyme changes in newly admitted psychiatric patients . Arch Gen Psychiatry 21:731-738, 1969;.
4 +
Meltzer HY, Engel WK:  Histochemical abnormalities of skeletal muscle in acutely psychotic patients. II . Arch Gen Psychiatry 23:492-502, 1970;.
5 +
Meltzer HY:  Central core fibers in an acutely psychotic patient: Evidence for a neurogenic basis for the muscle abnormalities in the acute psychoses . Arch Gen Psychiatry 27:125-132, 1972;.
6 +
Meltzer HY, Moline R:  Plasma enzymatic activity after exercise: Study of psychiatric patients and their relatives . Arch Gen Psychiatry 22:390-407, 1970;.
7 +
Nygron A:  Serum creatine phosphokinase activity in chronic alcoholism . Acta Med Scand 179:623-630, 1966;.
8 +
Graig FA, Smith JC:  Serum creatine phosphokinase activity in altered thyroid states . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 25:723-731, 1965;.
9 +
Denborough MA, et al:  Biochemical changes in malignant hyperpyrexia . Lancet 1:1137-1138, 1970;.
10 +
Williams ER, Bruford A:  Creatine phosphokinase in motor neurone disease . Clin Chim Acta 27:53-56, 1970;.
11 +
Emery AE:  The use of serum creatinekinase for detecting carriers of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy , in Milhorst AT (ed): Exploratory Concepts in Muscular Dystrophy and Related Disorders . New York, Excerpta Medica Foundation, 1967;.
12 +
Wolf SM, Lusk W:  Hypocalcemic myopathy . Bull Los Angeles Neurol Soc 37:167-177, 1972;.
13 +
Cape CA:  Phosphorylase: A deficiency in pseudohypoparathyroidism . Neurology 19:167-172, 1969;.
14 +
Emery A, Pascasio F:  The effects of pregnancy on the concentration of creatine kinase in serum, skeletal muscle, and myometrium . Am J Obstet Gynecol 91:18-22, 1965;.
15 +
Duma RJ, Siegel AL:  Serum creatine phosphokinase in acute myocardial infarction . Arch Intern Med 115:443, 1965;.
16 +
Schiavone DJ, Kaldor L:  Creatine phosphokinase levels and cerebral disease . Med J Aust 2:790-792, 1965;.
17 +
Acheson J, et al:  Serum-creatine-kinase levels in cerebral vascular disease . Lancet 1:1306-1307, 1965;.
18 +
Dubo H, et al:  Serum creatine-kinase in cases of stroke, head injury, and meningitis . Lancet 1:1306-1307, 1965;.
19 +
Meltzer HY, Mrozak S, Boyer M:  Effect of intramuscular injections on serum creatinine phosphokinase activity . Am J Med Sci 259:42-49, 1970;.
20 +
Cacace L:  Elevated serum CPK after drug injections . N Engl J Med 287:309-310, 1972;.
21 +
Meltzer HY:  Increase creatine phosphokinase and aldolase activity in acutely psychotic patients: Case reports . J Psychiatr Res 7:249-262, 1970;.
22 +
Meltzer HY:  Muscle enzyme release in the acute psychoses . Arch Gen Psychiatry 21:102-112, 1969;.
23 +
Meltzer HY:  Plasma creatine phosphokinase activity, hypothermia and stress . Am J Physiol 221:896-901, 1971;.
24 +
Highman B, Altland P:  Effects of exercise and training on serum enzyme and tissue changes in rats . Am J Physiol 205:162-166, 1963;.
25 +
Hunter JB, Critz JB:  Effect of training on plasma enzyme levels in man . J Appl Physiol 31:20-23, 1971;.
26 +
Vejjajiva A, Teasdale GS:  Serum creatine kinase and physical exercise . Br Med J 5451:1653-1654, 1965;.
27 +
Griffiths P:  Serum levels of ATP: Creatine phosphotransferase (creatine kinase), the normal range and effect of muscular activity . Clin Chim Acta 13:413-420, 1966;.
28 +
Meltzer HY, et al:  Effects of phencyclidine and stress on plasma creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and aldolase activities in man . Psychopharmacologia 26:44-53, 1972;.
29 +
Beigel A, Murphy DL:  Unipolar and bipolar affective illness, differences in clinical characteristics accompanying depression . Arch Gen Psychiatry 24:215-220, 1971;.
30 +
Foster FG, et al:  Mobility recording and cycle research in neuropsychiatry . J Interdiscipl Cycle Res 3:61-72, 1972;.
31 +
Kupfer D, et al:  Serum enzyme changes during sleep deprivation . Nature 228:768-770, 1970;.
32 +
Rosalki SE:  An improved procedure for serum creatine phosphokinase determination . J Lab Clin Med 69:696-705, 1967;.
33 +
Kupfer DJ, et al:  The application of Delgado's telemetric mobility recorder for human studies . Behav Biol 7:585-590, 1972;.
34 +
Holberg F:  Some aspects of biological data analysis: Longitudinal and transverse profiles of rhythms , in Aschoff J (ed): Circadian Clocks . Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Co, 1965;, pp 13-22.
35 +
Meltzer HY:  Factors affecting serum creatine phosphokinase levels in the general population: The role of race, activity and age . Clin Chim Acta 33:165-172, 1971;.
36 +
Kupfer DJ, et al:  Sleep disturbance in acute schizophrenic patients . Am J Psychiatry 126:47-57, 1970;.
37 +
Mendels J, Hawkins DR:  Longitudinal sleep study in hypomania . Arch Gen Psychiatry 25:274-277, 1971;.
38 +
Meltzer HY, et al:  Sleep disturbance and serum CPK activity in acute psychosis . Arch Gen Psychiatry 22:398-405, 1970;.
39 +
Meltzer HY, et al:  Serum CPK and aldolase activity in man following psychotomimetic drugs . Psychopharmacologia 16:419-425, 1970;.
40 +
Wagner JA, Critz JB:  The effect of prednisolone on the serum creatine phosphokinase response to exercise . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 128:716-720, 1968;.
41 +
Weitzman ED, et al:  Twenty-four-hour pattern of the episode secretion of cortisol in normal subjects . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 33:14-22, 1971;.
42 +
Melnykovych G:  Glucocorticoid-induced resistance to deoxycholate lysis in hela cells . Science 152:1086-1087, 1966;.
43 +
Griffin MJ, Cox RP:  Studies on the mechanism of hormonal induction of alkaline phosphotase in human cell cultures: I. Effects of puromycin and actinomycin D . J Cell Biol 29:1-9, 1966;.
44 +
Sachar EJ, et al:  Cortisol production in depressive illness . Arch Gen Psychiatry 23:289-298, 1970;.
45 +
Sachar EJ, et al:  Disrupted 24-hour patterns of cortisol secretion in psychotic depression . Arch Gen Psychiatry 28:19-24, 1972;.

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1 +
Meltzer HY:  Creatine kinase and aldolase in serum: Abnormality common to acute psychoses . Science 159:1368-1370, 1969;.
2 +
Meltzer HY:  Muscle enzyme release in the acute psychosis . Arch Gen Psychiatry 21:102-112, 1969;.
3 +
Meltzer H, Elkun L, Moline R:  Serum enzyme changes in newly admitted psychiatric patients . Arch Gen Psychiatry 21:731-738, 1969;.
4 +
Meltzer HY, Engel WK:  Histochemical abnormalities of skeletal muscle in acutely psychotic patients. II . Arch Gen Psychiatry 23:492-502, 1970;.
5 +
Meltzer HY:  Central core fibers in an acutely psychotic patient: Evidence for a neurogenic basis for the muscle abnormalities in the acute psychoses . Arch Gen Psychiatry 27:125-132, 1972;.
6 +
Meltzer HY, Moline R:  Plasma enzymatic activity after exercise: Study of psychiatric patients and their relatives . Arch Gen Psychiatry 22:390-407, 1970;.
7 +
Nygron A:  Serum creatine phosphokinase activity in chronic alcoholism . Acta Med Scand 179:623-630, 1966;.
8 +
Graig FA, Smith JC:  Serum creatine phosphokinase activity in altered thyroid states . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 25:723-731, 1965;.
9 +
Denborough MA, et al:  Biochemical changes in malignant hyperpyrexia . Lancet 1:1137-1138, 1970;.
10 +
Williams ER, Bruford A:  Creatine phosphokinase in motor neurone disease . Clin Chim Acta 27:53-56, 1970;.
11 +
Emery AE:  The use of serum creatinekinase for detecting carriers of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy , in Milhorst AT (ed): Exploratory Concepts in Muscular Dystrophy and Related Disorders . New York, Excerpta Medica Foundation, 1967;.
12 +
Wolf SM, Lusk W:  Hypocalcemic myopathy . Bull Los Angeles Neurol Soc 37:167-177, 1972;.
13 +
Cape CA:  Phosphorylase: A deficiency in pseudohypoparathyroidism . Neurology 19:167-172, 1969;.
14 +
Emery A, Pascasio F:  The effects of pregnancy on the concentration of creatine kinase in serum, skeletal muscle, and myometrium . Am J Obstet Gynecol 91:18-22, 1965;.
15 +
Duma RJ, Siegel AL:  Serum creatine phosphokinase in acute myocardial infarction . Arch Intern Med 115:443, 1965;.
16 +
Schiavone DJ, Kaldor L:  Creatine phosphokinase levels and cerebral disease . Med J Aust 2:790-792, 1965;.
17 +
Acheson J, et al:  Serum-creatine-kinase levels in cerebral vascular disease . Lancet 1:1306-1307, 1965;.
18 +
Dubo H, et al:  Serum creatine-kinase in cases of stroke, head injury, and meningitis . Lancet 1:1306-1307, 1965;.
19 +
Meltzer HY, Mrozak S, Boyer M:  Effect of intramuscular injections on serum creatinine phosphokinase activity . Am J Med Sci 259:42-49, 1970;.
20 +
Cacace L:  Elevated serum CPK after drug injections . N Engl J Med 287:309-310, 1972;.
21 +
Meltzer HY:  Increase creatine phosphokinase and aldolase activity in acutely psychotic patients: Case reports . J Psychiatr Res 7:249-262, 1970;.
22 +
Meltzer HY:  Muscle enzyme release in the acute psychoses . Arch Gen Psychiatry 21:102-112, 1969;.
23 +
Meltzer HY:  Plasma creatine phosphokinase activity, hypothermia and stress . Am J Physiol 221:896-901, 1971;.
24 +
Highman B, Altland P:  Effects of exercise and training on serum enzyme and tissue changes in rats . Am J Physiol 205:162-166, 1963;.
25 +
Hunter JB, Critz JB:  Effect of training on plasma enzyme levels in man . J Appl Physiol 31:20-23, 1971;.
26 +
Vejjajiva A, Teasdale GS:  Serum creatine kinase and physical exercise . Br Med J 5451:1653-1654, 1965;.
27 +
Griffiths P:  Serum levels of ATP: Creatine phosphotransferase (creatine kinase), the normal range and effect of muscular activity . Clin Chim Acta 13:413-420, 1966;.
28 +
Meltzer HY, et al:  Effects of phencyclidine and stress on plasma creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and aldolase activities in man . Psychopharmacologia 26:44-53, 1972;.
29 +
Beigel A, Murphy DL:  Unipolar and bipolar affective illness, differences in clinical characteristics accompanying depression . Arch Gen Psychiatry 24:215-220, 1971;.
30 +
Foster FG, et al:  Mobility recording and cycle research in neuropsychiatry . J Interdiscipl Cycle Res 3:61-72, 1972;.
31 +
Kupfer D, et al:  Serum enzyme changes during sleep deprivation . Nature 228:768-770, 1970;.
32 +
Rosalki SE:  An improved procedure for serum creatine phosphokinase determination . J Lab Clin Med 69:696-705, 1967;.
33 +
Kupfer DJ, et al:  The application of Delgado's telemetric mobility recorder for human studies . Behav Biol 7:585-590, 1972;.
34 +
Holberg F:  Some aspects of biological data analysis: Longitudinal and transverse profiles of rhythms , in Aschoff J (ed): Circadian Clocks . Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Co, 1965;, pp 13-22.
35 +
Meltzer HY:  Factors affecting serum creatine phosphokinase levels in the general population: The role of race, activity and age . Clin Chim Acta 33:165-172, 1971;.
36 +
Kupfer DJ, et al:  Sleep disturbance in acute schizophrenic patients . Am J Psychiatry 126:47-57, 1970;.
37 +
Mendels J, Hawkins DR:  Longitudinal sleep study in hypomania . Arch Gen Psychiatry 25:274-277, 1971;.
38 +
Meltzer HY, et al:  Sleep disturbance and serum CPK activity in acute psychosis . Arch Gen Psychiatry 22:398-405, 1970;.
39 +
Meltzer HY, et al:  Serum CPK and aldolase activity in man following psychotomimetic drugs . Psychopharmacologia 16:419-425, 1970;.
40 +
Wagner JA, Critz JB:  The effect of prednisolone on the serum creatine phosphokinase response to exercise . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 128:716-720, 1968;.
41 +
Weitzman ED, et al:  Twenty-four-hour pattern of the episode secretion of cortisol in normal subjects . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 33:14-22, 1971;.
42 +
Melnykovych G:  Glucocorticoid-induced resistance to deoxycholate lysis in hela cells . Science 152:1086-1087, 1966;.
43 +
Griffin MJ, Cox RP:  Studies on the mechanism of hormonal induction of alkaline phosphotase in human cell cultures: I. Effects of puromycin and actinomycin D . J Cell Biol 29:1-9, 1966;.
44 +
Sachar EJ, et al:  Cortisol production in depressive illness . Arch Gen Psychiatry 23:289-298, 1970;.
45 +
Sachar EJ, et al:  Disrupted 24-hour patterns of cortisol secretion in psychotic depression . Arch Gen Psychiatry 28:19-24, 1972;.

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