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October 1984, Vol 41, No. 10 >
Article | October 1984

Lifetime Prevalence of Specific Psychiatric Disorders in Three Sites

Lee N. Robins, PhD; John E. Helzer, MD; Myrna M. Weissman, PhD; Helen Orvaschel, PhD; Ernest Gruenberg, MD, DPH; Jack D. Burke, Jr, MD, MPH; Darrel A. Regier, MD, MPH
[+] Author Affiliations

Accepted for publication May 15, 1984.

Reprint requests to Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4940 Audubon Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 (Dr Robins).


Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984;41(10):949-958. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790210031005
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• Lifetime rates are presented for 15 DSM-III psychiatric diagnoses evaluated in three large household samples on the basis of lay interviewers' use of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. The most common diagnoses were alcohol abuse and dependence, phobia, major depressive episode, and drug abuse and dependence. Disorders that most clearly predominated in men were antisocial personality and alcohol abuse and dependence. Disorders that most clearly predominated in women were depressive episodes and phobias. The age group with highest rates for most disorders was found to be young adults (aged 25 to 44 years). Correlates with race, education, and urbanization are presented.

REFERENCES

1 +
Regier DA, Myers JK, Kramer M, Robins LN, Blazer DG, Hough RL, Eaton WW, Locke BZ:  The NIMH Catchment Area Program: Historical context, major objectives, and study population characteristics . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:934-941.
2 +
Eaton WW, Holzer CE III, Von Korff M, Anthony JC, Helzer JE, George L, Burnam MA, Boyd JH, Kessler LG, Locke BZ:  The design of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area surveys: The control and measurement of error . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:942-948.
3 +
Robins LN, Helzer JE, Croughan J, Williams JBW, Spitzer RL: The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Version III . Public Health Service (HSS), publication ADM-T-42-3 (5-81, 8-81), 1981;.
4 +
Robins LN, Helzer JE, Croughan J, Ratcliff KS:  The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Its history, characteristics, and validity . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;;38:381-389.
5 +
Myers JK, Weissman MM, Tischler GL, Holzer CE III, Leaf PJ, Orvaschel H, Anthony JC, Boyd JH, Burke JD Jr, Kramer M, Stoltzman R:  Six-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in three communities: 1980-1982 . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:959-967.
6 +
Von Korff MR, Anthony JC:  The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule modified to record current mental status . J Affective Disord 1982;;4:365-371.
7 +
Thompson WD, Weissman MM:  Quantifying lifetime risk of psychiatric disorder . J Psychiatr Res 1981;;16:113-126.
8 +
Kramer M, Von Korff M, Kessler L:  The lifetime prevalence of mental disorders: Estimation, uses and limitations . Psychol Med 1980;;10:429-435.
9 +
Gruenberg EM:  A review of mental health in the metropolis: The Midtown Manhattan Study . Milbank Mem Fund Q 1963;;16:77-93.
10 +
Pulver AE, Carpenter WT:  Lifetime psychotic symptoms assessed with the DIS . Schizophr Bull 1983;;9:377-382.
11 +
World Health Organization: Report of the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia: Results of the Initial Evaluation Phase . Geneva, WHO Press, 1973;, vol 1.
12 +
Andreasen NC, Grove WM, Shapiro RW, Keller MB, Hirschfeld RMA, McDonald-Scott P:  Reliability of lifetime diagnosis: A multicenter collaborative perspective . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;;38:400-405.
13 +
Mazure C, Gershon ES:  Blindness and reliability in lifetime psychiatric diagnoses . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979;;36:521-525.
14 +
Keller MB, Lavori PW, McDonald-Scott P, Scheftner WA, Andreason NC, Shapiro RW, Croughan J:  Reliability of lifetime psychiatric diagnoses and symptoms in patients with a current psychiatric disorder . J Psychiatr Res 1981;;16:229-240.
15 +
Leckman JF, Sholomskas D, Thompson WD:  Best estimate of lifetime psychiatric diagnosis: A methodological study . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982;;39:879-883.
16 +
Boyd JH, Burke JD Jr, Gruenberg E, Holzer CE III, Rae DS, George LK, Karno M, Stoltzman R, McEvoy L, Nestadt G:  Exclusion criteria of DSM-III: A study of co-occurrence of hierarchy-free syndromes . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:983-989.
17 +
Cohen SB, Kelsbeek WD: NMCES Estimation and Sampling Variances in the Household Survey . National Center for Health Services Research, Dept of Health and Human Services, HHS publication (PHS) 81-3281, June 1981;.
18 +
Shah BV: SESUDAAN: Standard Errors: Program for Computing of Standardized Rates From Sample Survey Data . Research Triangle Park, NC, Research Triangle Institute, publication /RTI/5250100-015, 1981;.
19 +
Grove WM, Andreasen NC:  Simultaneous tests of many hypotheses in exploratory research . J Nerv Ment Dis 1982;;170:3-8.
20 +
Srole L, Langner TS, Michael ST, Kirkpatrick P, Opler MK, Rennie TAC: Mental Health in the Metropolis . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1977;, vol 2.
21 +
Shepherd M, Gruenberg EM:  The age for neuroses . Milbank Mem Fund Q 1957;;35:258-265.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Regier DA, Myers JK, Kramer M, Robins LN, Blazer DG, Hough RL, Eaton WW, Locke BZ:  The NIMH Catchment Area Program: Historical context, major objectives, and study population characteristics . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:934-941.
2 +
Eaton WW, Holzer CE III, Von Korff M, Anthony JC, Helzer JE, George L, Burnam MA, Boyd JH, Kessler LG, Locke BZ:  The design of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area surveys: The control and measurement of error . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:942-948.
3 +
Robins LN, Helzer JE, Croughan J, Williams JBW, Spitzer RL: The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Version III . Public Health Service (HSS), publication ADM-T-42-3 (5-81, 8-81), 1981;.
4 +
Robins LN, Helzer JE, Croughan J, Ratcliff KS:  The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Its history, characteristics, and validity . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;;38:381-389.
5 +
Myers JK, Weissman MM, Tischler GL, Holzer CE III, Leaf PJ, Orvaschel H, Anthony JC, Boyd JH, Burke JD Jr, Kramer M, Stoltzman R:  Six-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in three communities: 1980-1982 . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:959-967.
6 +
Von Korff MR, Anthony JC:  The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule modified to record current mental status . J Affective Disord 1982;;4:365-371.
7 +
Thompson WD, Weissman MM:  Quantifying lifetime risk of psychiatric disorder . J Psychiatr Res 1981;;16:113-126.
8 +
Kramer M, Von Korff M, Kessler L:  The lifetime prevalence of mental disorders: Estimation, uses and limitations . Psychol Med 1980;;10:429-435.
9 +
Gruenberg EM:  A review of mental health in the metropolis: The Midtown Manhattan Study . Milbank Mem Fund Q 1963;;16:77-93.
10 +
Pulver AE, Carpenter WT:  Lifetime psychotic symptoms assessed with the DIS . Schizophr Bull 1983;;9:377-382.
11 +
World Health Organization: Report of the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia: Results of the Initial Evaluation Phase . Geneva, WHO Press, 1973;, vol 1.
12 +
Andreasen NC, Grove WM, Shapiro RW, Keller MB, Hirschfeld RMA, McDonald-Scott P:  Reliability of lifetime diagnosis: A multicenter collaborative perspective . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;;38:400-405.
13 +
Mazure C, Gershon ES:  Blindness and reliability in lifetime psychiatric diagnoses . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979;;36:521-525.
14 +
Keller MB, Lavori PW, McDonald-Scott P, Scheftner WA, Andreason NC, Shapiro RW, Croughan J:  Reliability of lifetime psychiatric diagnoses and symptoms in patients with a current psychiatric disorder . J Psychiatr Res 1981;;16:229-240.
15 +
Leckman JF, Sholomskas D, Thompson WD:  Best estimate of lifetime psychiatric diagnosis: A methodological study . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982;;39:879-883.
16 +
Boyd JH, Burke JD Jr, Gruenberg E, Holzer CE III, Rae DS, George LK, Karno M, Stoltzman R, McEvoy L, Nestadt G:  Exclusion criteria of DSM-III: A study of co-occurrence of hierarchy-free syndromes . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:983-989.
17 +
Cohen SB, Kelsbeek WD: NMCES Estimation and Sampling Variances in the Household Survey . National Center for Health Services Research, Dept of Health and Human Services, HHS publication (PHS) 81-3281, June 1981;.
18 +
Shah BV: SESUDAAN: Standard Errors: Program for Computing of Standardized Rates From Sample Survey Data . Research Triangle Park, NC, Research Triangle Institute, publication /RTI/5250100-015, 1981;.
19 +
Grove WM, Andreasen NC:  Simultaneous tests of many hypotheses in exploratory research . J Nerv Ment Dis 1982;;170:3-8.
20 +
Srole L, Langner TS, Michael ST, Kirkpatrick P, Opler MK, Rennie TAC: Mental Health in the Metropolis . Hagerstown, Md, Harper & Row Publishers Inc, 1977;, vol 2.
21 +
Shepherd M, Gruenberg EM:  The age for neuroses . Milbank Mem Fund Q 1957;;35:258-265.

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