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Apomorphine's Antipsychotic Activity

Martin H. Schaffer, MD; John M. Davis, MD; Carol A. Tamminga, MD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42(9):927-927. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790320099017
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To the Editor.—  Some controversy has developed recently over the antipsychotic efficacy of apomorphine in schizophrenic psychosis, including an article by Levy et al1 in the Archives.2 It is our opinion that a definitive answer to this question requires a broader experimental approach than that attempted by the investigators in either of these groups. Previously, Corsini and co-workers3,4 reported apomorphine's marked antipsychotic action when given in a dose of 1 mg subcutaneously to a group of unmedicated schizoaffective patients. Tamminga et al,5 in a double-blind placebocontrolled study, showed an equally dramatic effect of a 3-mg subcutaneous dose given to a group of chronic schizophrenic and schizoaffective subjects who were maintained on a neuroleptic regimen.5Those drug trials reporting antipsychotic activity of apomorphine in a controlled design are characterized by at least two features. First, a range of apomorphine doses, including high levels, were used in the

REFERENCES

Levy MI, Davis BM, Mohs RC, Kendler KS, Mathe AA, Trigos G, Horvath TB, Davis KL:  Apomorphine and schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:520-524.
Ferrier EC, Johnstone EC, Crow TJ:  Hormonal effects of apomorphine in schizophrenia . Br J Psychiatry 1984;;144:349-357.
Corsini GU, Del Zompo M, Manconi S, Cianchetti C, Mangoni A, Gessa GL:  Sedative hypnotic, and antipsychotic effects of low doses of apomorphine in man , in Costa E, Gessa GL (eds): Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology . New York, Raven Press, 1977;, vol 16, pp 645-648.
Del Zompo M, Pitzalis GF, Bernardi F, Bocchetta A, Corsini GU:  Antipsychotic effects of apomorphine: A retrospective study , in Corsini GU, Gessa GL (eds): Apomorphine and Other Dopaminomimetics . New York, Raven Press, 1981;, vol 2, pp 65-76.
Tamminga CA, Schaffer MH, Smith RC, Davis JM:  Schizophrenic symptoms improve with apomorphine . Science 1978;;200:567-568.
Tamminga CA, Gotts MD, Thaker GK, Goldberg ST, Foster NP:  N-propylnorapomorphine: Dopamine agonist treatment of schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry , in press.

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Levy MI, Davis BM, Mohs RC, Kendler KS, Mathe AA, Trigos G, Horvath TB, Davis KL:  Apomorphine and schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:520-524.
Ferrier EC, Johnstone EC, Crow TJ:  Hormonal effects of apomorphine in schizophrenia . Br J Psychiatry 1984;;144:349-357.
Corsini GU, Del Zompo M, Manconi S, Cianchetti C, Mangoni A, Gessa GL:  Sedative hypnotic, and antipsychotic effects of low doses of apomorphine in man , in Costa E, Gessa GL (eds): Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology . New York, Raven Press, 1977;, vol 16, pp 645-648.
Del Zompo M, Pitzalis GF, Bernardi F, Bocchetta A, Corsini GU:  Antipsychotic effects of apomorphine: A retrospective study , in Corsini GU, Gessa GL (eds): Apomorphine and Other Dopaminomimetics . New York, Raven Press, 1981;, vol 2, pp 65-76.
Tamminga CA, Schaffer MH, Smith RC, Davis JM:  Schizophrenic symptoms improve with apomorphine . Science 1978;;200:567-568.
Tamminga CA, Gotts MD, Thaker GK, Goldberg ST, Foster NP:  N-propylnorapomorphine: Dopamine agonist treatment of schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry , in press.

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