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White Matter Reduction in the Parahippocampal Gyrus of Patients With Schizophrenia

Nigel Colter; Salih Battal, MD; Timothy J. Crow, PhD; Eve C. Johnstone, MD; Rosemary Brown; Clive Bruton, MD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987;44(11):1023-1023. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800230103016
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To the Editor.—  A recent postmortem study by Brown et al1 compared morphometric measurements obtained from photographs of coronal brain slices of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorder. In the schizophrenic group, the lateral ventricles were larger, with the difference between the groups being most marked in the temporal lobe, where the temporal horn cross-sectional area was 97% larger. This difference was associated with a significantly lower average thickness of the nearby parahippocampal cortex (by 11%). The findings further emphasize the temporal lobe as a possible focus of the disease process in schizophrenia.

Patients and Methods.—  Histologic material stained with phosphotungstic acidhematoxylin at this anatomical level was also available from some of the same brains. Five areas of the medial temporal lobe were demarcated by specific criteria (Figure) and measured (with the diagnosis unknown) at x 10 magnification by computerized image analysis.The sample was selected as previously described

REFERENCES

Brown R, Colter N, Corsellis JAN, Crow TJ, Frith CD, Jagoe R, Johnstone EC, Marsh L:  Postmortem evidence of structural brain changes in schizophrenia: Differences in brain weight, temporal horn area, and parahippocampal gyrus compared with affective disorder . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;;43:36-42.
Feighner JP, Robins E, Guze SB, Woodruff RA Jr, Winokur G, Munoz R:  Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972;;26:57-63.
Bogerts B, Meertz ER, Schonfeldt-Bausch R:  Basal ganglia and limbic system pathology in schizophrenia: A morphometric study of brain volume and shrinkage . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;;42:784-791.
Jakob H, Beckmann H:  Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics . J Neural Transm 1986;;65:303-326.
Kovelman JA, Scheibel AB:  A neurohistological correlate of schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry 1984;;19:1601-1621.
Falkai P, Bogerts B:  Cell loss in the hippocampus of schizophrenics . Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci 1986;;236:154-161.
Roberts GW, Colter N, Lofthouse R, Bogerts B, Zech M, Crow TJ:  Gliosis in schizophrenia: A survey . Biol Psychiatry 1986;;21:1043-1050.
Roberts GW, Colter N, Lofthouse R, Johnstone EC, Crow TJ:  Is there gliosis in schizophrenia: Investigation of the temporal lobe . Biol Psychiatry , in press.

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Brown R, Colter N, Corsellis JAN, Crow TJ, Frith CD, Jagoe R, Johnstone EC, Marsh L:  Postmortem evidence of structural brain changes in schizophrenia: Differences in brain weight, temporal horn area, and parahippocampal gyrus compared with affective disorder . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;;43:36-42.
Feighner JP, Robins E, Guze SB, Woodruff RA Jr, Winokur G, Munoz R:  Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972;;26:57-63.
Bogerts B, Meertz ER, Schonfeldt-Bausch R:  Basal ganglia and limbic system pathology in schizophrenia: A morphometric study of brain volume and shrinkage . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;;42:784-791.
Jakob H, Beckmann H:  Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics . J Neural Transm 1986;;65:303-326.
Kovelman JA, Scheibel AB:  A neurohistological correlate of schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry 1984;;19:1601-1621.
Falkai P, Bogerts B:  Cell loss in the hippocampus of schizophrenics . Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci 1986;;236:154-161.
Roberts GW, Colter N, Lofthouse R, Bogerts B, Zech M, Crow TJ:  Gliosis in schizophrenia: A survey . Biol Psychiatry 1986;;21:1043-1050.
Roberts GW, Colter N, Lofthouse R, Johnstone EC, Crow TJ:  Is there gliosis in schizophrenia: Investigation of the temporal lobe . Biol Psychiatry , in press.

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