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January 1987, Vol 44, No. 1 >
Article | January 1987

Growth Hormone Response to Apomorphine

I. N. Ferrier, MRCP, MRCPsych, MD; Eve C. Johnstone, FRCPsych, MD; T. J. Crow, FRCP, FRCPsych, PhD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1987;44(1):93-93. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800130105013
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To the Editor.—  Several studies have demonstrated a wide scatter of growth hormone response to the dopamine agonist apomorphine in patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia.1-4 Recently, Whalley et al5 reported that psychotic patients with Schneider's first-rank symptoms had a significantly greater growth hormone response to apomorphine than did those patients without such symptoms. However, our own study5 suggests that within the schizophrenic population the presence of first-rank symptoms is unlikely to be the factor that accounts for variation in this response.We studied 15 male patients not taking medication who had acute schizophrenia. The symptoms were less than one month old when the patients were tested. All of the patients had at least one nuclear symptom as assessed by the Present State Examination6; in practice (as discussed by Whalley et al5) this is equivalent to the presence of Schneider's first-rank symptoms. The growth hormone

REFERENCES

1 +
Ettigi P, Nair N, Lal S, Cervantes P, Guyda H:  Effect of apomorphine on growth hormone and prolactin secretion in schizophrenic patients with or without oral dyskinesia, withdrawn from chronic neuroleptic therapy . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1976;;39:870-876.
2 +
Pandey G, Carver D, Taminga C, Erickson S, Syad I, Davis J:  Post-synaptic supersensitivity in schizophrenia . Am J Psychiatry 1977;;134:518-522.
3 +
Rotrosen J, Angrist 0, Gershon S, Parguin T, Brenchley L, Oleshansky M, Halpern F, Sachar E:  Neuroendocrine effects of apomorphine, characteristics of response patterns and applications to schizophrenia research . Br J Psychiatry 1979;;135:444-456.
4 +
Ferrier N, Johnstone E, Crow T:  Hormonal effects of apomorphine in schizophrenia . Br J Psychiatry 1984;;144:349-357.
5 +
Whalley LJ, Christie JE, Brown S, Arbuthnot GW:  Schneider's first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia: An association with increased growth hormone response to apomorphine . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:1040-1043.
6 +
Wing J, Cooper J, Santorius N: The Description and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms: An Instruction Manual for the PSE and CATEGO System . London, Cambridge University Press, 1974;.
7 +
Feighner J, Robins E, Guze S, Woodruffe R, Winokur G, Munoz R:  Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972;;26:57-63.
8 +
Ettigi P, Lal S, Martin J, Friesen H:  Effect of sex, and contraceptives and glucose loading on apomorphine-induced growth hormone secretion . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1975;;40:1094-1098.
9 +
Post R, Fink E, Carpenter W, Goodwin F:  Cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites in acute schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1975;;32:1063-1069.
10 +
Meltzer H, Kolakowska T, Fang V, Robertson A, Levine R, Strakilevitz M, Busch D:  Growth hormone and prolactin response to apormorphine in schizophrenia and the major affective disorders . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:512-519.
11 +
Cleghorn J, Brown G, Brown P, Dermer S, MacCrimmon D, Milton J:  Growth hormone response to apomorphine HC1 in schizophrenic patients on drug holidays and at relapse . Br J Psychiatry 1983;;142:482-489.

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1 +
Ettigi P, Nair N, Lal S, Cervantes P, Guyda H:  Effect of apomorphine on growth hormone and prolactin secretion in schizophrenic patients with or without oral dyskinesia, withdrawn from chronic neuroleptic therapy . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1976;;39:870-876.
2 +
Pandey G, Carver D, Taminga C, Erickson S, Syad I, Davis J:  Post-synaptic supersensitivity in schizophrenia . Am J Psychiatry 1977;;134:518-522.
3 +
Rotrosen J, Angrist 0, Gershon S, Parguin T, Brenchley L, Oleshansky M, Halpern F, Sachar E:  Neuroendocrine effects of apomorphine, characteristics of response patterns and applications to schizophrenia research . Br J Psychiatry 1979;;135:444-456.
4 +
Ferrier N, Johnstone E, Crow T:  Hormonal effects of apomorphine in schizophrenia . Br J Psychiatry 1984;;144:349-357.
5 +
Whalley LJ, Christie JE, Brown S, Arbuthnot GW:  Schneider's first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia: An association with increased growth hormone response to apomorphine . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:1040-1043.
6 +
Wing J, Cooper J, Santorius N: The Description and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms: An Instruction Manual for the PSE and CATEGO System . London, Cambridge University Press, 1974;.
7 +
Feighner J, Robins E, Guze S, Woodruffe R, Winokur G, Munoz R:  Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972;;26:57-63.
8 +
Ettigi P, Lal S, Martin J, Friesen H:  Effect of sex, and contraceptives and glucose loading on apomorphine-induced growth hormone secretion . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1975;;40:1094-1098.
9 +
Post R, Fink E, Carpenter W, Goodwin F:  Cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites in acute schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1975;;32:1063-1069.
10 +
Meltzer H, Kolakowska T, Fang V, Robertson A, Levine R, Strakilevitz M, Busch D:  Growth hormone and prolactin response to apormorphine in schizophrenia and the major affective disorders . Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;;41:512-519.
11 +
Cleghorn J, Brown G, Brown P, Dermer S, MacCrimmon D, Milton J:  Growth hormone response to apomorphine HC1 in schizophrenic patients on drug holidays and at relapse . Br J Psychiatry 1983;;142:482-489.

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