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October 1991, Vol 48, No. 10 >
Article | October 1991

Evidence of Reduced Temporolimbic Structure Volumes in Schizophrenia

BERNHARD BOGERTS, MD; Peter Falkai, MD; Benno Greve, MD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1991;48(10):956-957. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810340088012
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To the Editor.—  In the postmortem brain material of the Würzburg collection, Heckers et al1 found only a subtle trend toward volume reduction of the total left hippocampal formation in schizophrenic patients (-6%, P =.187). There were no significant volume changes in the right hippocampus or the right and left amygdala. In the same collection, no differences in the volumes of the parahippocampal gyrus were found.2 The authors believe the discrepancy with our previous findings of reduced hippocampal, amygdala, and parahippocampal gyrus volumes in schizophrenic persons are a result of methodologic shortcomings in our 1985 article.3 However, the results obtained from the material of the Würzburg collection1,2 are not only in contrast with our 1985 findings, they also refute six other postmortem studies4-9 that gave planimetric evidence of reduced parahippocampal gyrus4,6,7 or hippocampal5,8,9 size in schizophrenic patients. Moreover, according to the declared

REFERENCES

1 +
Heckers S, Heinsen H, Heinsen YC, Beckmann H.  Limbic structures and lateral ventricle in schizophrenia: a quantitative postmortem study . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1990;;47:1016-1022.
2 +
Heckers S, Heinsen H, Heinsen Y, Beckmann H.  Morphometry of the parahippocampal gyrus in schizophrenics and controls: some anatomical considerations . J Neural Transm Gen Sect . 1989;;80:151-155.
3 +
Bogerts B, Meertz E, Schönfeldt Bausch R.  Basal ganglia and limbic system pathology in schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1985;;42:784-791.
4 +
Altshuler LL, Casanova MF, Goldberg TE, Kleinman JE.  The hippocampus and parahippocampus in schizophrenic, sucide, and control brains . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1990;;47:1029-1034.
5 +
Bogerts B, Falkai P, Haupts M, Greve B, Ernst S, Tapernon-Franz U, Heinzmann U.  Postmortem volume measurements of limbic system and basal ganglia structures in chronic schizophrenics . Schizophr Res . 1990;;3:295-301.
6 +
Brown R, Colter N, Corsellis JAN, Crow TJ, Frith CD, Jagoe R, Johnstone EC, Marsh L.  Postmortem evidence of structural brain changes in schizophrenia: differences in brain weight, temporal horn area, and parahippocampal gyrus compared with affective disorder . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1986;;43:36-42.
7 +
Colter N, Battal S, Crow TJ, Johnstone EC, Brown R, Bruton C.  White matter reduction in parahippocampal gyrus of patients with schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1987;;44:1023.
8 +
Falkai P, Bogerts B.  Cell loss in the hippocampus of schizophrenics . Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci . 1986;; 236:154-161.
9 +
Jeste DV, Lohr JB.  Hippocampal pathologic findings in schizophrenia: a morphometric study . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1989;;46:1019-1024.
10 +
Barta PE, Pearlson GD, Powers RE, Richards SS, Tune LE.  Reduced volume of superior temporal gyrus in schizophrenia: relationship to auditory hallucinations . Am J Psychiatry . 1990;; 147:1457-1462.
11 +
Bogerts B, Ashtari M, Degreef G, Alvir JMJ, Bilder RM, Lieberman JA.  Reduced temporal limbic structure volumes on magnetic resonance images in first-episode schizophenia . Psychiatry Res . 1990;;35:1-13.
12 +
Dauphinais D, DeLisi LE, Crow TJ, Alexandropoulos K, Colter N, Tuma I, Gershon ES.  Reduction in temporal lobe size in siblings with schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study . Psychiatry Res . 1990;;35:137-147.
13 +
DeLisi LE, Dauphinais ID, Gershon E.  Perinatal complications and reduced size of brain limbic structures in familial schizophrenia . Schizophr Bull . 1988;; 14:185-191.
14 +
Rossi A, Stratta P, D'Albenzio L, Tartaro A, Schiazza G, di Michele V, Bolino F, Casacchia M.  Reduced temporal lobe areas in schizophrenia: preliminary evidence from a controlled multiplanar magnetic resonance imaging study . Biol Psychiatry . 1990;;27:61-68.
15 +
Suddath RL, Christison GW, TorTor EF, Casanova MF, Weinberger DR.  Anatomical abnormalities in the brains of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia . N Engl J Med . 1990;; 322:62-67.
16 +
Suddath RL, Casanova MF, Goldberg TE, Daniel DG, Kelsoe J, Weinberger DR.  Temporal lobe pathology in schizophrenia: a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study . Am J Psychiatry . 1989;;146:464-472.
17 +
Kaufman MA, Dwork AJ, Prohovnik I, Willson N. Alzheimer's disease in aging schizophrenia. In: Abstracts of the Xlth International Congress of Neuropathology; September 1990; Kyoto, Japan. Abstract VC5.
18 +
Heckers S, Heinsen H, Heinsen Y, Beckmann H. Postmortem volumetry of schizophrenic brains. In: Abstracts of the Xlth International Congress of Neuropathology; September 1990; Kyoto, Japan. Abstract VC1.
19 +
Roberts GW.  Schizophrenia: a neuropathological perspective . Br J Psychiatry . 1991;;158:8-17.

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1 +
Heckers S, Heinsen H, Heinsen YC, Beckmann H.  Limbic structures and lateral ventricle in schizophrenia: a quantitative postmortem study . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1990;;47:1016-1022.
2 +
Heckers S, Heinsen H, Heinsen Y, Beckmann H.  Morphometry of the parahippocampal gyrus in schizophrenics and controls: some anatomical considerations . J Neural Transm Gen Sect . 1989;;80:151-155.
3 +
Bogerts B, Meertz E, Schönfeldt Bausch R.  Basal ganglia and limbic system pathology in schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1985;;42:784-791.
4 +
Altshuler LL, Casanova MF, Goldberg TE, Kleinman JE.  The hippocampus and parahippocampus in schizophrenic, sucide, and control brains . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1990;;47:1029-1034.
5 +
Bogerts B, Falkai P, Haupts M, Greve B, Ernst S, Tapernon-Franz U, Heinzmann U.  Postmortem volume measurements of limbic system and basal ganglia structures in chronic schizophrenics . Schizophr Res . 1990;;3:295-301.
6 +
Brown R, Colter N, Corsellis JAN, Crow TJ, Frith CD, Jagoe R, Johnstone EC, Marsh L.  Postmortem evidence of structural brain changes in schizophrenia: differences in brain weight, temporal horn area, and parahippocampal gyrus compared with affective disorder . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1986;;43:36-42.
7 +
Colter N, Battal S, Crow TJ, Johnstone EC, Brown R, Bruton C.  White matter reduction in parahippocampal gyrus of patients with schizophrenia . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1987;;44:1023.
8 +
Falkai P, Bogerts B.  Cell loss in the hippocampus of schizophrenics . Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci . 1986;; 236:154-161.
9 +
Jeste DV, Lohr JB.  Hippocampal pathologic findings in schizophrenia: a morphometric study . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1989;;46:1019-1024.
10 +
Barta PE, Pearlson GD, Powers RE, Richards SS, Tune LE.  Reduced volume of superior temporal gyrus in schizophrenia: relationship to auditory hallucinations . Am J Psychiatry . 1990;; 147:1457-1462.
11 +
Bogerts B, Ashtari M, Degreef G, Alvir JMJ, Bilder RM, Lieberman JA.  Reduced temporal limbic structure volumes on magnetic resonance images in first-episode schizophenia . Psychiatry Res . 1990;;35:1-13.
12 +
Dauphinais D, DeLisi LE, Crow TJ, Alexandropoulos K, Colter N, Tuma I, Gershon ES.  Reduction in temporal lobe size in siblings with schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study . Psychiatry Res . 1990;;35:137-147.
13 +
DeLisi LE, Dauphinais ID, Gershon E.  Perinatal complications and reduced size of brain limbic structures in familial schizophrenia . Schizophr Bull . 1988;; 14:185-191.
14 +
Rossi A, Stratta P, D'Albenzio L, Tartaro A, Schiazza G, di Michele V, Bolino F, Casacchia M.  Reduced temporal lobe areas in schizophrenia: preliminary evidence from a controlled multiplanar magnetic resonance imaging study . Biol Psychiatry . 1990;;27:61-68.
15 +
Suddath RL, Christison GW, TorTor EF, Casanova MF, Weinberger DR.  Anatomical abnormalities in the brains of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia . N Engl J Med . 1990;; 322:62-67.
16 +
Suddath RL, Casanova MF, Goldberg TE, Daniel DG, Kelsoe J, Weinberger DR.  Temporal lobe pathology in schizophrenia: a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study . Am J Psychiatry . 1989;;146:464-472.
17 +
Kaufman MA, Dwork AJ, Prohovnik I, Willson N. Alzheimer's disease in aging schizophrenia. In: Abstracts of the Xlth International Congress of Neuropathology; September 1990; Kyoto, Japan. Abstract VC5.
18 +
Heckers S, Heinsen H, Heinsen Y, Beckmann H. Postmortem volumetry of schizophrenic brains. In: Abstracts of the Xlth International Congress of Neuropathology; September 1990; Kyoto, Japan. Abstract VC1.
19 +
Roberts GW.  Schizophrenia: a neuropathological perspective . Br J Psychiatry . 1991;;158:8-17.

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