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August 1994, Vol 51, No. 8 >
Article | August 1994

Arachidonic Acid: A Common Link in the Biology of Schizophrenia?

M. Peet, MB, FRCPsych; J. D. E. Laugharne, MB, MRCPsych; D. F. Horrobin, DPhil; G. P. Reynolds, PhD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994;51(8):665-666. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950080077012
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There is evidence of abnormalities of prostaglandin synthesis and action in schizophrenia; thus, there are reports of increased activity of phospholipase A2,1 increased plasma levels of prostaglandin E2,2 and subsensitivity of platelet prostaglandin receptors.3 The main precursor for prostaglandin synthesis is arachidonic acid, which is released from membrane phospholipid by phospholipase A2. One possible consequence of increased phospholipase A2 activity would be the depletion of arachidonic acid.

In the course of a study of membrane fatty acids, we measured4 red blood cell membrane arachidonic acid in a group of 23 hospitalized neuroleptic-treated schizophrenic patients (16 men and 7 women) aged 28 to 75 years (mean age, 55 years) and 16 control subjects matched for age and sex. We also measured the plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the same blood samples. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances are a measure of

REFERENCES

1 +
Gattaz WF, Hubner CK, Nevalainan TJ, Thuren T, Kinnunen PKJ.  Increased serum phospholipase A2 activity in schizophrenia: a replication study . Biol Psychiatry . 1990;;28:495-501.
2 +
Kaiya H, Vematsu M, Ofuji M, Nishida A, Takeuchi K, Nozaki M, Indaka E.  Elevated plasma prostaglandin E2 levels in schizophrenia . J Neural Transm Gen Sect . 1989;;77:39-46.
3 +
Kanof PD, Davidson M, Johns CA, Mohs RC, Davis KL.  Clinical correlates of platelet prostaglandin receptor subsensitivity in schizophrenia . Am J Psychiatry . 1987;;144:1556-1560.
4 +
Manku MS, Horrobin DF, Huang Y-S, Morse N.  Fatty acids in plasma and red cell membranes . Lipids . 1983;;18:906-908.
5 +
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC.  The thiobarbituric (TBA) test . In: Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine . Oxford, England: Clarendon Press; 1989;:228-233.
6 +
Pettegrew JW, Keshaven MS, Panchalingam K, Strychor S, Kaplan DB, Tretta M, Allen M.  Alterations in brain high-energy phosphate and membrane phospholipid metabolism in first episode drug-naive schizophrenics . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1991;;48:563-568.
7 +
Barbour B, Szatkowski M, Ingledew N, Attwell D.  Arachidonic acid induces a prolonged inhibition of glutamate uptake into glial cells . Nature . 1989;;342:918-920.
8 +
Carlsson M, Carlsson A.  Schizophrenia: a subcortical neurotransmitter imbalance syndrome? Schizophr Bull . 1990;;16:425-432.
9 +
Carlsson SE, Werkman SH, Peeples JM, Cooke RJ, Wilson WM.  Plasma phospholipid arachidonic acid and growth and development of pre-term infants . In: Koletzko B, Okken A, Rey J, Salle B, Van Biervielt JP, eds. Recent Advances in Infant Feeding . Stuttgart, Germany: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1992;.
10 +
Royston MC, Lewis SW.  Brain pathology in schizophrenia: developmental or degenerative? Curr Opin Psychiatry . 1993;;6:70-73.
11 +
Pellmar TC, Neel KL, Lee KH.  Free radicals mediate peroxidative damage in guinea pig hippocampus in vitro . J Neurosci Res . 1989;;24:437-444.
12 +
Buckman TD, Kling AS, Eiduson S, Sutphin MS, Steinberg A.  Glutathione peroxidase and CT-scan abnormalities in schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry . 1987;;22:1349-1356.
13 +
Christinsen O, Christinsen E.  Fat consumption and schizophrenia . Acta Psychiatr Scand . 1988;;78:587-591.

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1 +
Gattaz WF, Hubner CK, Nevalainan TJ, Thuren T, Kinnunen PKJ.  Increased serum phospholipase A2 activity in schizophrenia: a replication study . Biol Psychiatry . 1990;;28:495-501.
2 +
Kaiya H, Vematsu M, Ofuji M, Nishida A, Takeuchi K, Nozaki M, Indaka E.  Elevated plasma prostaglandin E2 levels in schizophrenia . J Neural Transm Gen Sect . 1989;;77:39-46.
3 +
Kanof PD, Davidson M, Johns CA, Mohs RC, Davis KL.  Clinical correlates of platelet prostaglandin receptor subsensitivity in schizophrenia . Am J Psychiatry . 1987;;144:1556-1560.
4 +
Manku MS, Horrobin DF, Huang Y-S, Morse N.  Fatty acids in plasma and red cell membranes . Lipids . 1983;;18:906-908.
5 +
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC.  The thiobarbituric (TBA) test . In: Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine . Oxford, England: Clarendon Press; 1989;:228-233.
6 +
Pettegrew JW, Keshaven MS, Panchalingam K, Strychor S, Kaplan DB, Tretta M, Allen M.  Alterations in brain high-energy phosphate and membrane phospholipid metabolism in first episode drug-naive schizophrenics . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1991;;48:563-568.
7 +
Barbour B, Szatkowski M, Ingledew N, Attwell D.  Arachidonic acid induces a prolonged inhibition of glutamate uptake into glial cells . Nature . 1989;;342:918-920.
8 +
Carlsson M, Carlsson A.  Schizophrenia: a subcortical neurotransmitter imbalance syndrome? Schizophr Bull . 1990;;16:425-432.
9 +
Carlsson SE, Werkman SH, Peeples JM, Cooke RJ, Wilson WM.  Plasma phospholipid arachidonic acid and growth and development of pre-term infants . In: Koletzko B, Okken A, Rey J, Salle B, Van Biervielt JP, eds. Recent Advances in Infant Feeding . Stuttgart, Germany: Georg Thieme Verlag; 1992;.
10 +
Royston MC, Lewis SW.  Brain pathology in schizophrenia: developmental or degenerative? Curr Opin Psychiatry . 1993;;6:70-73.
11 +
Pellmar TC, Neel KL, Lee KH.  Free radicals mediate peroxidative damage in guinea pig hippocampus in vitro . J Neurosci Res . 1989;;24:437-444.
12 +
Buckman TD, Kling AS, Eiduson S, Sutphin MS, Steinberg A.  Glutathione peroxidase and CT-scan abnormalities in schizophrenia . Biol Psychiatry . 1987;;22:1349-1356.
13 +
Christinsen O, Christinsen E.  Fat consumption and schizophrenia . Acta Psychiatr Scand . 1988;;78:587-591.

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