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January 1995, Vol 52, No. 1 >
Article | January 1995

Treatment of Postpartum Depression With Interpersonal Psychotherapy

Scott Stuart, MD; Michael W. O'Hara, PhD
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995;52(1):75-76. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950130075009
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In the past decade, psychotherapy researchers have focused on the use of short-term manualized psychosocial treatments for a number of psychiatric disorders and have emphasized empirical treatment trials that have demonstrated the efficacy of a number of psychotherapeutic treatments. There has been a growing appreciation that psychotherapeutic treatment must be tailored to specific disorders and that it must be carefully matched to the characteristics of individual patients as well.1 Pressure to reduce health care costs and the appearance of newer psychopharmacologic agents with less toxic side effects, however, have led to an emphasis on the use of psychotherapy for conditions for which there are as yet no effective medications (eg, the use of cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal psychotherapy [IPT] for eating disorders2,3) or for conditions for which medication is relatively contraindicated, such as the use of IPT for conditions such as depression in geriatric patients4,5 and in pregnant

REFERENCES

1 +
Bergin AE, Garfield SL. Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change . 4th ed. New York, NY: Wiley & Sons Inc; 1994;:821-831.
2 +
Fairburn CG, Jones R, Peveler RC, Carr SJ, Solomon RA, O'Connor ME, Burton J, Hope RA.  Three psychological treatments for bulimia nervosa: a comparative trial . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1991;;48:463-469.
3 +
Fairburn CG, Jones R, Peveler RC, Hope RA, O'Connor M.  Psychotherapy and bulimia nervosa: longer-term effects of interpersonal psychotherapy, behavior therapy, and cognitive-behavior therapy . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1993;;50:419-428.
4 +
Sloane RB, Stapes FR, Schneider LS.  Interpersonal therapy versus nortriptyline for depression in the elderly . In: Burrows GD, Norman TR, Dennerstein L, eds. Clinical and Pharmacologic Studies in Psychiatric Disorders . London, England: John Libbey; 1985;:344-346.
5 +
Reynolds CF, Frank E, Perel JM, Imher SD, Cornes C, Morycz RK, Mazumdar S, Miller M, Pollock BG, Rifai AH, Stack JA, George CJ, Houck PR, Kupfer DJ.  Combined pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy in the acute and continuation treatment of elderly patients with recurrent major depression: a preliminary report . Am J Psychiatry . 1992;;149:1687-1692.
6 +
Weissman MM, Markowitz JC.  Interpersonal psychotherapy: current status . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1994;;51:599-606.
7 +
American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Drugs.  Transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk . Pediatrics . 1994;;93:137-150.
8 +
Gotlib I, Whiffen VE, Mount JH.  Prevalence rates and demographic characteristics associated with depression in pregnancy and the postpartum . J Consult Clin Psychol . 1989;;57:269-274.
9 +
Whiffen V.  Vulnerability to postpartum depression: a prospective multivariate study . J Abnorm Psychol . 1988;;97:467-474.
10 +
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994;.
11 +
Klerman GL, Weissman MM, Rounsaville BJ, Chevron ES. Interpersonal Psychotherapy of Depression . New York, NY: Basic Books Inc Publishers; 1984;.
12 +
O'Hara MW. Postpartum Depression: Causes and Consequences. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. In press.
13 +
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1987;.
14 +
Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J.  An inventory for measuring depression . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1961;;4:561-571.
15 +
Hamilton MA.  Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness . Br J Soc Clin Psychol . 1967;;6:278-296.
16 +
Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R.  Detection of postnatal depression: development of the Edinborough Postnatal Depression Scale . BrJ Psychiatry . 1987;;150:782-786.
17 +
Weissman MM, Bothwell S.  Assessment of social adjustment by patient selfreport . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1976;;33:1111-1115.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Bergin AE, Garfield SL. Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change . 4th ed. New York, NY: Wiley & Sons Inc; 1994;:821-831.
2 +
Fairburn CG, Jones R, Peveler RC, Carr SJ, Solomon RA, O'Connor ME, Burton J, Hope RA.  Three psychological treatments for bulimia nervosa: a comparative trial . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1991;;48:463-469.
3 +
Fairburn CG, Jones R, Peveler RC, Hope RA, O'Connor M.  Psychotherapy and bulimia nervosa: longer-term effects of interpersonal psychotherapy, behavior therapy, and cognitive-behavior therapy . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1993;;50:419-428.
4 +
Sloane RB, Stapes FR, Schneider LS.  Interpersonal therapy versus nortriptyline for depression in the elderly . In: Burrows GD, Norman TR, Dennerstein L, eds. Clinical and Pharmacologic Studies in Psychiatric Disorders . London, England: John Libbey; 1985;:344-346.
5 +
Reynolds CF, Frank E, Perel JM, Imher SD, Cornes C, Morycz RK, Mazumdar S, Miller M, Pollock BG, Rifai AH, Stack JA, George CJ, Houck PR, Kupfer DJ.  Combined pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy in the acute and continuation treatment of elderly patients with recurrent major depression: a preliminary report . Am J Psychiatry . 1992;;149:1687-1692.
6 +
Weissman MM, Markowitz JC.  Interpersonal psychotherapy: current status . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1994;;51:599-606.
7 +
American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Drugs.  Transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk . Pediatrics . 1994;;93:137-150.
8 +
Gotlib I, Whiffen VE, Mount JH.  Prevalence rates and demographic characteristics associated with depression in pregnancy and the postpartum . J Consult Clin Psychol . 1989;;57:269-274.
9 +
Whiffen V.  Vulnerability to postpartum depression: a prospective multivariate study . J Abnorm Psychol . 1988;;97:467-474.
10 +
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994;.
11 +
Klerman GL, Weissman MM, Rounsaville BJ, Chevron ES. Interpersonal Psychotherapy of Depression . New York, NY: Basic Books Inc Publishers; 1984;.
12 +
O'Hara MW. Postpartum Depression: Causes and Consequences. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. In press.
13 +
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1987;.
14 +
Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J.  An inventory for measuring depression . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1961;;4:561-571.
15 +
Hamilton MA.  Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness . Br J Soc Clin Psychol . 1967;;6:278-296.
16 +
Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R.  Detection of postnatal depression: development of the Edinborough Postnatal Depression Scale . BrJ Psychiatry . 1987;;150:782-786.
17 +
Weissman MM, Bothwell S.  Assessment of social adjustment by patient selfreport . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1976;;33:1111-1115.

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