RT Journal
A1 Sullivan PF, Magnusson C, Reichenberg A, et al
T1 FAmily history of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as risk factors for autism
JF Archives of General Psychiatry
JO Archives of General Psychiatry
YR 2012
FD November 1
VO 69
IS 11
SP 1099
OP 1103
DO 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2012.730
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2012.730
AB Context 
                  The clinical and etiologic relation between autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia is unclear. The degree to which these disorders share a basis in etiology has important implications for clinicians, researchers, and those affected by the disorders.Objective 
                  To determine whether a family history of schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder is a risk factor for ASD.Design, Setting, and Participants 
                  We conducted a case-control evaluation of histories of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder in first-degree relatives of probands in 3 samples—population registers in Sweden, Stockholm County (in Sweden), and Israel. Probands met criteria for ASD, and affection status of parents and siblings for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were established.Results 
                  The presence of schizophrenia in parents was associated with an increased risk for ASD in a Swedish national cohort (odds ratio [OR], 2.9; 95% CI, 2.5-3.4) and a Stockholm County cohort (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.0-4.1). Similarly, schizophrenia in a sibling was associated with an increased risk for ASD in a Swedish national cohort (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 2.0-3.2) and an Israeli conscription cohort (OR, 12.1; 95% CI, 4.5-32.0). Bipolar disorder showed a similar pattern of associations but of lesser magnitude.Conclusions 
                  Findings from these 3 registers along with consistent findings from a similar study in Denmark suggest that ASD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder share common etiologic factors.