RT Journal
A1 Edden RE, Crocetti D, Zhu H, Gilbert DL, Mostofsky SH
T1 REduced gaba concentration in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
JF Archives of General Psychiatry
JO Archives of General Psychiatry
YR 2012
FD July 1
VO 69
IS 7
SP 750
OP 753
DO 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2280
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2280
AB Context 
                  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by a deficit in behavioral inhibition. Recent evidence also suggests a deficit in cortical inhibition via the GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)–ergic system.Objective 
                  To investigate the GABAergic component of ADHD using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Design 
                  Cross-sectional study.Setting 
                  Participants were recruited through local schools, local pediatric and other community clinics, and through advertisement in regional publications. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed within the research institute.Participants 
                  Children (age range, 8-12 years) in a typically developing control group vs a group with ADHD were compared.Main Outcome Measures 
                  J-difference–edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 T was used to measure GABA concentration in a volume that included primary somatosensory and motor cortices.Results 
                  GABA concentration is reduced in children with ADHD compared with typically developing control subjects.Conclusion 
                  Our finding of reduced GABA concentration in ADHD is concordant with recently reported deficits in short intracortical inhibition in ADHD and suggests a GABAergic deficit in ADHD.