RT Journal
A1 BRILL NQ, CRUMPTON E, EIDUSON S, GRAYSON HM, HELLMAN LI
T1 PRedictive and concomitant variables related to improvement with actual and simulated ect
JF A.M.A. Archives of General Psychiatry
JO A.M.A. Archives of General Psychiatry
YR 1959
FD September 1
VO 1
IS 3
SP 263
OP 272
DO 10.1001/archpsyc.1959.03590030047005
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1959.03590030047005
AB Introduction 
    The purpose of this study is to investigate the covariation of certain psychiatric. psychological, physiological, and biochemical variables with improvement in psychiatric patients treated with real or simulated electroconvulsive therapy. An earlier report focused on the therapeutic effectiveness of certain components of the treatment process (i. e., electricity, convulsion, unconsciousness).3 Results indicated that the experimental variations of actual or simulated electroshock did not differ in the therapeutic effectiveness to an extent greater than chance. The present report is, therefore, concerned not with the electroshock variable but with (a) the prediction of improvement and (b) the further understanding of the concomitants of improvement.