RT Journal A1 Melges FT, Bowlby J T1 TYpes of hopelessness in psychopathological process JF Archives of General Psychiatry JO Archives of General Psychiatry YR 1969 FD June 1 VO 20 IS 6 SP 690 OP 699 DO 10.1001/archpsyc.1969.01740180074007 UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1969.01740180074007 AB It is memory that gives us the power of foresight: We push into the future with images in which we fixed the past. Full consciousness therefore looks both ways, and its most important look ... is into the future. All biological processes are directed toward the future, but man is distinguished by being consciously directed−his consciousness includes the future. J. Bronowski1