TY  - JOUR
T1  - IS autism, at least in part, a disorder of fetal programming?
AU  - Szatmari P
Y1  - 2011/11/01
N1  - 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.99
JO  - Archives of General Psychiatry
SP  - 1091
EP  - 1092
VL  - 68
IS  - 11
N2  - 
The year 1977 marked an important milestone in the history of autism. In this year, the first twin study in autism was published by Folstein and Rutter1; it demonstrated a striking difference in concordance rates between monozygous (MZ) and dyzgyous (DZ) twins. The studies that followed reported even higher MZ concordance rates, up to 90%, for a broader phenotype resembling what is currently labeled as autism spectrum disorder (ASD)2- 4 and DZ concordance rates at or close to 0%. This resulted in heritability estimates greater than 90%, suggesting that almost all of the variance in phenotypic expression could be attributed to inherited genetic factors.

SN  - 0003-990X
M3  - doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.99
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.99
ER  -