Treatment of Depression After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery A Randomized Controlled Trial

Freedland KE, Skala JA, Carney RM, et al. — Wed, 01 Apr 2009 00:00:00 GMT

Context

There has been little research on the treatment of depression after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Objective

To test the efficacy of 2 nonpharmacological interventions for depression after coronary artery bypass surgery compared with usual care.

Design

A 12-week, randomized, single-blind clinical trial with outcome evaluations at 3, 6, and 9 months.

Setting

Outpatient research clinic at Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.

Patients

One hundred twenty-three patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for major or minor depression within 1 year after surgery.

Intervention

Twelve weeks of cognitive behavior therapy or supportive stress management. Approximately half of the participants were taking nonstudy antidepressant medications.

Main Outcome Measure

Remission of depression, defined as a score of less than 7 on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression.

Results

Remission of depression occurred by 3 months in a higher proportion of patients in the cognitive behavior therapy (71%) and supportive stress-management (57%) arms than in the usual care group (33%) (χ²₂ = 12.22, P = .002). Covariate-adjusted Hamilton scores were lower in the cognitive behavior therapy (mean [standard error], 5.5 [1.0]) and the supportive stress-management (7.8 [1.0]) arms than in the usual care arm (10.7 [1.0]) at 3 months. The differences narrowed at 6 months, but the remission rates differed again at 9 months (73%, 57%, and 35%, respectively; χ²₂ = 12.02, P = .003). Cognitive behavior therapy was superior to usual care at most points on secondary measures of depression, anxiety, hopelessness, stress, and quality of life. Supportive stress management was superior to usual care only on some of the measures.

Conclusions

Both cognitive behavior therapy and supportive stress management are efficacious for treating depression after coronary artery bypass surgery, relative to usual care. Cognitive behavior therapy had greater and more durable effects than supportive stress management on depression and several secondary psychological outcomes.

Trial Registration

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00042198

JAMA Psychiatry: Cardiothoracic Surgery Topic Collection

Treatment of Depression After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery A Randomized Controlled Trial